
Black Dross Processing: Utilization of Black Dross in the …
In the present study, black dross (BD) residue, a hazardous by-product generated during secondary aluminum production, has been evaluated as a possible raw material for the production of a calcium aluminate-based ladle fluxing agent to be used in the steel industry. The thermally treated BD [pretreated black dross (PBD)] used as a starting material, consisted of approximately 49.5 ±